Stashing of black

After analyzing such numbers it is a matter of utter importance to the Indian Government to thrive Black money to generate the capital which in term helps India progress. Stashing of black money abroad then encourages people to engage in illicit trade and siphoning of public resources. Thus due to lack of capital the government is forced to concentrate development in urban areas. Rural areas again further remain undeveloped.When a large amount Of black money is generated the people owning it engage in drug trade to gain loads of money and finance terrorism to physically overpower the authorities through terrorism. The Ministry of The Overseas Affairs can help its best by ring to sign more agreements such as Tax Information Exchange Agreements with more and more countries. India has already signed this agreement with 13 countries such as the Bermuda, The British Virgin Islands and the Cayman Islands to name a few.Through these agreements the Government of India has been trying to inte rcept the flow of Indian black money through these countries through fake banks which exist only on paper. Signing more such agreements will allow India join the global crusade against black money and will help the government intercept more black money and prevent illicit trade and terrorism financing in India.

Behavioral Genetics

Multiple situations and conditions can impair or influence human behavior in individuals. My hypothesis was genetics has the strongest influence on human behavior because of the inability to have control over heredity. Without control, how can one improve or change their behavior? Mental disorders can be inherited through genetics. Examples of genetically acquired mental disorders are schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. My personal experience with individuals with those particular types of mental disorders exhibit different behaviors that those without the disorder. The way one interacts with other and the perception of that individual by society can be influences by mental disorders . My hypothesis was slightly changed after reading the article â€Å"Behavioral Gentics† by Joseph McInerney . McInerney provided in depth research that alluded to the fact that genetics alone does not influence human behavior. He believes that unless every person is tested a definitive correlation between genetics and behaviors will not exist. (J. McInerney ‘Behavioral Genetics† 24Aug2011) In case studies, researchers only test a select few and this does not provide enough information to prove or disprove genetics behavioral influence. According to McInerney, there may be others factors that may be present in conjunction with genetics that may influence human behavior. Behaviors are â€Å"the response of an individual, group, or species to its environment† (Merriam Webster Dictionary). Genetics are â€Å"a branch of biology that deals wit h the heredity and variation of organisms† (MWD). Through definition; genetics is not a factor for behaviors. Genetics can be a factor, but does not necessarily have to be a controlling factor that influences human behavior. McInerney provided multiple sources of other studies that solidified his view. I made my hypothesis based on my personal experience of people with mental disorders that had a historyof mental illness in their family. I only had access to a minimal amount of people with this disorder and made an inference without proper investigation. After reading this research; I feel that my hypothesis was just an opinion that could be perceived as judgmental. I believe that the source was creditable site because it was a overnment website. I will not say that I agree or disagree with the information presented. The information was from one source. I would have to read every source that McInerney provided and research other sources that oppose McInerney findings. I learned that solely from reading someone else’s opinion that it affected and influenced my behavior. I am usually ve ry decisive when I formulate an opinion. Normally my opinion is never altered due to someone else’s input. I have learned that many people make inferences and consider themselves expertise without more information from other sources. Behavioral Genetics Heredity and the environment produce an individual difference in development. Behavioral genetics has an impact in development. Behavioral genetics according to Francis Galton is based on â€Å"a man's natural abilities that are derived by inheritance, under exactly the same limitations as are the form and physical features of the whole organic world. † The role of behavioral genetics is based on human behavior influenced by genetics and the environment.For instance, Galton focused on the study of inheritance of gifted and talented families, and found that intelligence might be genetic, yet he also found that it has a lot to do with environmental factors. Galton researched in behavioral genetics including studies of twins and adopted children to compare environmental factors and biological factors. While contemporary behavioral genetics being the largest branch of human behavioral genetics covers phenotypes such as alcoholism, bipolar disorders, and schizophrenia however, inve stigations have not yet found genes associated to these mental illnesses but are rather environmental.Behavioral genetics has implications in society that affects a massive amount of physical behaviors that includes homosexuality, aggression, and nurturing, and intelligence. For example, the amount of tolerance that a trait would fur goes for prisoners or homosexuals such as getting treatment or prevent the birth of individuals affected. The only known fact is that no gene determines behaviors.This was proved by a study published in 1999 of the â€Å"smart gene† this gene was practiced on mice by injecting what is known as the high gene, and the study came to a conclusion that the learning enhancement only lasted a few hours, and was only retain in short memory. Having a certain trait does not mean that the trait will develop instead it can only be taken as a chance that it might or may not. Behavioral genes is still quite a mystery but can not be elapsed because there are ma jor possibilities that traits may exist. Behavioral Genetics Multiple situations and conditions can impair or influence human behavior in individuals. My hypothesis was genetics has the strongest influence on human behavior because of the inability to have control over heredity. Without control, how can one improve or change their behavior? Mental disorders can be inherited through genetics. Examples of genetically acquired mental disorders are schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. My personal experience with individuals with those particular types of mental disorders exhibit different behaviors that those without the disorder. The way one interacts with other and the perception of that individual by society can be influences by mental disorders . My hypothesis was slightly changed after reading the article â€Å"Behavioral Gentics† by Joseph McInerney . McInerney provided in depth research that alluded to the fact that genetics alone does not influence human behavior. He believes that unless every person is tested a definitive correlation between genetics and behaviors will not exist. (J. McInerney ‘Behavioral Genetics† 24Aug2011) In case studies, researchers only test a select few and this does not provide enough information to prove or disprove genetics behavioral influence. According to McInerney, there may be others factors that may be present in conjunction with genetics that may influence human behavior. Behaviors are â€Å"the response of an individual, group, or species to its environment† (Merriam Webster Dictionary). Genetics are â€Å"a branch of biology that deals wit h the heredity and variation of organisms† (MWD). Through definition; genetics is not a factor for behaviors. Genetics can be a factor, but does not necessarily have to be a controlling factor that influences human behavior. McInerney provided multiple sources of other studies that solidified his view. I made my hypothesis based on my personal experience of people with mental disorders that had a historyof mental illness in their family. I only had access to a minimal amount of people with this disorder and made an inference without proper investigation. After reading this research; I feel that my hypothesis was just an opinion that could be perceived as judgmental. I believe that the source was creditable site because it was a overnment website. I will not say that I agree or disagree with the information presented. The information was from one source. I would have to read every source that McInerney provided and research other sources that oppose McInerney findings. I learned that solely from reading someone else’s opinion that it affected and influenced my behavior. I am usually ve ry decisive when I formulate an opinion. Normally my opinion is never altered due to someone else’s input. I have learned that many people make inferences and consider themselves expertise without more information from other sources.

Evaluate to what extent intellectual property law adequately protects Essay

Evaluate to what extent intellectual property law adequately protects the rights of enteratinment business personalities(real persons only) - Essay Example The pirated goods generally include CDs, computer software and videos. This practice violates the interests of both consumers and inventors. The rate of produce will certainly go up once it comes to the hands of consumer. At the same time, the inventor or producer feels aggrieved that others have been able to capitalize on his work which involves a considerable investment of time and money. Hence this violates the basic principles and interests of original talented artists in entertainment industry. The intellectual property law guarantees the persons rights to have their own qualities, but at the same time the right of expression of press people also gets clashed with this and in case of England the right of freedom of expression dominates the right of privacy of artists (Attorney-General v Guardian Newspapers Ltd,1990)1. However in some situations the right of privacy of artists was well protected by the intellectual property rights (La Forest J in R v Dymont,1988)2. This case conc erns about invasion of privacy and wrongful disclosure of private information. It stresses the importance between freedom of expression and respect for an individuals privacy. Both are vitally important rights. Neither has precedence over the other. A proper degree of privacy is very much essential for the well-being and development of an individual. Article 8 states that the right of privacy of information is to be protected and should be in tune with the common law. Similarly the article 10 declares that the right of freedom of information is also crucial and there should be balance between the article 8 and article 10 (Reynolds v Times Newspapers Ltd,2001) 3. Some legal instruments in the world like intellectual property law provide sufficient justice to the genuine artists. Intellectual property law is one of the most important legal document which certainly protects the rights of the artists in the entertainment industry (Bainbridge, 2006). However there has

Stream process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Stream process - Essay Example The teacher decided to split us into three groups so that we could all take notes and come to a unanimous or different decision all together from our observations. Water moves in a straightforward line and it contains a very destructive force that enables it to create this path. We noticed that it was able to penetrate the sand in all accounts due to the large air spaces found between the particles. In addition, the water moved the sand over small distances where this is often referred to as displacement. However, the water did not move linear when there were obstacles in the course. It either cut deeper where the material was too strong such as rocks also changed the entire direction of flow where the material was completely impermeable forming features such as meanders (John 67). Protecting the rivers is a taxing activity that is very challenging to those who decide to undertake the exercise. A revitalizing and restoring community waterfront makes the rivers focal points for the municipalities and ensures minimal wastage of water. It is important to modify irrigation systems, intake systems, canals and dams to guarantee safe fish route and the protection of ingoing stream flows. Looking at the effects of climate to rivers, it is noticeable to conclude that high temperatures lower the volumes of water in rivers and this might lead to the river drying up. In comparison, the rainy season overloads the rivers making them flood areas and this might alter the normal flow of the water (John

Annotation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Annotation - Assignment Example Nonetheless, the other authors support a balance between prohibition and legalization while Angela Hawken advocates full legalization. One possible bias of this book is when Caulkins implies that the responsible majority users of marijuana should sacrifice their fun in order to aid the irresponsible minority. Nevertheless, he does not prove that prohibition has protected the minority irresponsible users. The article is based on the gateway hypothesis. It researches the prevention or invention and genetic factors of using other prohibited drugs after using marijuana. The gateway hypothesis implies that a marijuana user will commence using more lethal/ hard drugs at some point in their life. According to the study, marijuana users are most likely to try heroin and get addicted to it. As such, marijuana use makes it possible for the user to advance to more lethal and dangerous drugs. The authors used adolescents as part of the study. The study is biased since correlation is not always cause. Marijuana typically precedes rather than follow the initiation into other illegal drug use. However, alcohol use and underage smoking precede the use of marijuana. Therefore, marijuana is not the first gateway to illegal drug use. Khatapoush, Shereen, and Denise Hallfors. "â€Å"Sending the wrong message†: did medical marijuana legalization in California change attitudes about and use of marijuana?." Journal of Drug Issues 34.4 (2004): 751-770. The article suggests that the recent policy changes in California have had a minimal impact on the attitudes and behaviour related to marijuana. The authors in their study to assess and analyse the effect of legalizing medicinal marijuana among the youth used telephone survey data. Consequently, they found out that some marijuana behaviour and attitudes did change after proposition 215 in 1996 was passed. Conversely, marijuana use did not increase. The major possible bias of the study is that sanctioning the use of

What Is The Value Of Theory To Practitioners Of Guidance Essay

What Is The Value Of Theory To Practitioners Of Guidance - Essay Example A sound understanding of theory is of utmost importance to a practitioner of guidance towards developing such clarity of thought and processes. Theory provides structural pillars for defining the client's situation, around which the practitioner can give practical and actionable advice. It is very important for any practitioner who has taken on a counselling role, to disassociate from his/her own personal emotions, values and judgements. The guidance practitioner has to have complete objectivity in order to achieve a complete and unbiased understanding of the client's situation. Theories are the essential tool with which the practitioner as an individual can use to classify and understand the client's individual situation with objectivity. With the aid of theory a practitioner can be fair in evaluating a situation outside his/her personal context. The methodology and analysis leading out of theory provides great objectivity to the practice of guidance. ii. Gives a better understanding of how disparate personal histories influence decisions and choices Apart from helping the practitioner disassociate from the personal context, theory also helps the practitioner in developing an understanding of the various factors that impinge on the individual during the decision making process. These factors could be either articulated or benign. Theory helps the practitioner to correlate factors like social, economic and ethnic background and parental influences etc. to the personality of the individual and hence the decisions that he/she takes. By developing a more contextual fingerprint for each individual, with the help of theory, the practitioner is better equipped to provide more pertinent and workable guidance solutions. iii. Keeps them ethically and practically grounded Sound knowledge of theory gives the practitioner of guidance the requisite understanding of the ethical and practical implications of decisions. It is very important for a practitioner to be aware of these factors even if they are not immediately apparent, since the person in the guiding role has to take responsibility for the consequence of the actions and decisions of the client related to their careers or education. Theory is based on verifiable fact, which is why an understanding of it, gives the practitioner the adequate wherewithal to weigh the plausibility of decisions on both ethical and practical parameters. iv. Provides the foundations for a disciplined practice which is coherent and un-prejudiced All the above mentioned benefits of theory are instrumental in creating the foundation of a fair and effective guidance practice. With the framework of theory in place, a practitioner can involve himself/herself with greater integrity and objectivity towards solving the client's problems. Even though there are many theories of guidance it is important for the practitioner to crystallise his/ her viewpoint so that each individual case can be guided through predetermined, though not rigid, frameworks of the practitioner's understanding. Hence, it is impossible to ignore the importance of theory to practitioners of guidance. The only caveat that one should keep in mind is that theory should not be relegated to a cerebral level. Instead it is very important for practitioners to attune theories to the current requirements and dynamics of the community in particular, and the society as a whole. Offer an ethical and intellectual critique of

Kants Deontological Ethics in Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals Essay - 1

Kants Deontological Ethics in Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals - Essay Example Kant’s Deontology posits that the best way to act morally to act from duty with the consideration of the highest good, that is, acting through the moral determination of the will. Kant’s acting through the moral determination of will meant that the motivation of one’s action must pursue the good without a condition which is intrinsically good by itself (Kant 30). He formulated his deontological ethics in a categorical imperative of doing good for the sake of good regardless of its consequence (Kant’s Ethics). The three propositions of moral determination of the will are as follows; a. Universal Law formulation - "Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law (Kant 30) ". This means that if one is to act good, that will should not be subjected to any condition or any physical constraints. b. Humanity or End in Itself formulation - "Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your ow n person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end† (Kant 30). This meant the free will is a source of rational action. A logical free will should, therefore, be an end itself because an end is subjective that they needed to be pursued. Whereas, the rational action is objective and therefore must be categorically pursued. c. Kingdom of Ends formulation - is the integration of the first two laws that says "All maxims as proceeding from our own [hypothetical] making of law ought to harmonize with a possible kingdom of ends (Kant 30)". This meant an autonomous will is not subject to anything but it must bind itself to the first two laws to make it applicable to everybody that people by themselves are both a means and an end. Kant explained the etymology of the expression of his deontological ethics. According to Kant, imperatives imply what they meant which are command such as â€Å"wake up early†. Often they are hypothet ical imperative because they only serve a specific objective or purpose such as â€Å"wake up early so you will not be later for work†.

Tom Hoffman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Tom Hoffman - Essay Example His sketches clearly express his immediate thoughts and sentiments. These sketches reveal how he visualizes his surroundings, every painstaking detail of his environment, of the people he knows or encounters. His sketches show how a simple life can be made spectacular or extraordinary through drawings. In addition, his drawings may be classified as emotive drawings because of the subtle expression of various emotions, dispositions, and moods (Hoffman Watercolors, 2015). For instance, his drawing showing two men looking at different directions exposes something emotional, a sentimental bond between the two men. The same can be said about his drawing portraying two masked men hugging each other. These drawings depict hidden, understated emotions. Lastly, his drawings obviously came from actual observations of the people and his surroundings. Life drawing-- also referred to as figure drawing or still-life drawing-- is one of the strengths of Tom Hoffman. He depicts all the expressions that he observes and sees in his

Safety And hazards of pyrotechnics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Safety And hazards of pyrotechnics - Essay Example A pyrotechnic technician should be aware of the various measures of creating a convincing explosion while ensuring that they maintain control of the process. Safety refers to the situation of acquiring protection form physical, damage, harm, accidents, errors and other events that are undesirable. It is also the control of various recognized hazards to acquire an acceptable level of risk. Safety is extremely vital in daily life and human should be cautious under all circumstances especially when dealing with pyrotechnics (Agrawal 9). A hazard refers to a situation that poses a certain level of threat to property, health, environment, or life. Majority of the risks are potential or dormant and have a characteristic of theoretical risk of harm. A hazard does not exist if it does not happen. When a hazardous situation comes to pass, people call it an incident. Pyrotechnics is a dormant hazard since they have the potential to be hazardous but do not affect the people or the environment. The key factor that leads to identification of a hazard in pyrotechnics is the energy stored that can cause damage upon release. Pyrotechnics store energy in various forms, which includes chemical, thermal, mechanical, and radioactive forms. Pyrotechnics are tremendously valuable in the entertainment industry and regularly used to mark various critical events. The producers or manufacturers of such pyrotechnics have a responsibility to ensure that the individuals who use them are not liable to adverse effects. They should achieve this through ensuring that they decrease the level of toxic materials in the pyrotechnics. They should ensure that it has minimal side effect to intended users. The employee who uses these pyrotechnics should also be protected since they work with them on a daily basis. Education concerning various measures of minimizing the chances of people being affected is particularly beneficial. Employees and

High School and Cousin Jimmy Essay Example for Free

High School and Cousin Jimmy Essay The day I got scared to death was my first time going to Cedar Point and going on a really big roller coaster. I was nervous. I was in the line with my cousin Jimmy and my other cousins to go on the corkscrew. My stomach started the turn I started to shake my mind was saying get out of the line but I wanted to go on my whole life. I had to go on with my cousins Michael and Jimmy instead of Olivia or Rebekah. Michael, Jimmy and I were only two people away from getting on. Then Jimmy said,† I was afraid when I went on my first roller coaster too. † Michael said,† no you weren’t† that made me laugh. That made me think that it isn’t so scary after all. Just then I heard someone say that it’s too scary. That made me wish that I never wanted to go on. We’re up next. I got in the seat with Jimmy I thought I was going to puke. At this time I was excited and scared. The seatbelt was on; there was no turning back now. The person pushed the button and we went up the very steep hill. We stopped at the top. My eyes were completely closed. My heart was pounding faster and faster. I knew my cousins in front of me so I said to them, â€Å"are you scared? † I didn’t get to hear them because by then we zipped down the coaster. I was screaming so loud I thought I was going to lose my voice. I got dizzy when we went around in circles three times. Finally the ride came to a halt. I felt relieved that it was over. I said to my self that I conquered my fear. I was happy that it was done. I still felt sick but I knew that I could do it all along. At that point I found out that my cousins also scared too! Now I can’t wait to go on the Gemini, Top Thrill Dragster, the Dragon, and the Mine Ride. I still think my cousin acted a little bit too young for their age because a high school student shouldn’t be screaming at the top of their lungs same goes with my other cousin who was in high school. Only a middle school students and third graders should scream. View as multi-pages TOPICS IN THIS DOCUMENT High school, Middle school, Cedar Point, Top Thrill Dragster, Roller coaster, English-language films, College, Debut albums RELATED DOCUMENTS high school reservation community I passed two Navajo youth leaning against the wall, one leg propped behind them for support. They wore black tee-shirts, one declaring â€Å"Indian Pride on the Rise,† the other showing a heavy metal rock group â€Å"Twisted Sister. † Both wore high topped basketball shoes and hair free flowing to their shoulders. One spoke to me. â€Å"Hey, are you the lady who is talking to dropouts? You should talk to me. Im a professional dropout. † I did. And to many others. Their 410   Words | 3   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Philippine Science High School ? Philippine Science High School (PSHS) students topped the Project Tuklas science contest sponsored by Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation (Shell) in coordination with the Philippine Development Foundation (PhilDev) and AIESEC Philippines. â€Å"It’s something very innovative,† said Julia Alexander Chu, president of Project Tuklas organizer AIESEC University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman, referring to the project of PSHS juniors Creo Baylon, Miguel Ortega and Otto 410   Words | 6   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT High School Football ? Coleman Weiss-Murphy Ms. Bross English 10, Hour 4 May 4, 2015 High School Football Reduce the Risk and Reap the Rewards? September 13, 2013,   was sixteen year old Damon Janes’ last football game. Why, because he was pronounced dead in a local Buffalo hospital three days after that game. His cause of death, brain damage. Janes took numerous hits to the head during a varsity football game. He seemed perfectly healthy, but in actuality, he suffered brain 410   Words | 5   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Report: High School and Attendance Improving Attendance at Beech Grove Intermediate School: A Recommendation Report ________________________________________ Introduction Like other schools around the nation, Beech Grove Intermediate School is experiencing a serious problem with attendance. This has been cited as a problem and something that 410   Words. READ FULL DOCUMENT Successful: High School and People ? Tamera Wilson Mrs. Jenkins English IV/0091 College Prep 24 February 2014 SUCCESSFUL My standards are set high as I watch people try to bring me down each and every day. They try to tell me all the negatives things on how I’m not going to be anything. This makes me want to try harder. All my life I been struggling and stressing, that’s why I came in a pathway with aggression. Where I’m from I see nothing that can lead me to be successful in life. I had been though the 410   Words | 3   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT. Post high school plan coach your team to do the same. 4. Conflicting Goals Sometimes we have conflicting goals in our work. For instance, one of our managers might tell us that speed is most important goal with customers. Another manager might say that in-depth, high-quality service is the top priority. Its sometimes quite difficult to reconcile the two! Whenever you set goals for your team members, make sure that those goals dont conflict with other goals set for that person, or set 410   Words | 7   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Essays: High School what da hell let me sign up man I just want essays. Rainy day This year the summer season was unduly long and extremely hot. It was July, the schools had reopened. The scorching sun and the extreme heat had made life unbearable. Going to the school, studying in the class or playing on the ground all seemed to be a punishment. One morning, clouds . Rain is a great blessing after the summer heat. In India the scorching heat of the summer months of May and June causes 410   Words | 4   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT First day of high school essay My First Day of High School â€Å"Beep, Beep, Beep! † 6:00 A. M my alarm clock was activated, it was time for me to get ready and prepared myself for my first day of High School as a freshman student in Piscataway Vo – Tech High School. Fear, excitement, and all of these different emotions were running through my head as I wondered how difficult high school would be, who I would sit 410   Words | 3   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT CITE THIS DOCUMENT APA (2014, 09). High School and Cousin Jimmy.

Information Management Systems That Support Organizations

Information Management Systems That Support Organizations ABSTRACT â€Å"An information system can be defined as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordination, and control in an organisation. In addition to supporting decision making, coordination and control, information systems may also help managers and workers analyse problems visualise complex subjects, and create new products† (Laudon Laudon, 2001) 1. Introduction In order for an organisation to fully appreciate the information systems available to them they must appreciate the value of information available. Information Technology and Information Management have experienced tremendous growth. Information is available everywhere and anytime. The Internet has certainly devalued information, before its creation many organisations benefited from gathering, sorting and selling information to stakeholders in need information to grow their business. When printed information is turned into digital information the price drops. Take for example newspapers. It is the norm that Newspapers today publishes part of its information on the Newspapers website for free, if you want to view the rest of the articles you must pay for it at a premium. Meta information providers such as Google pick up this digital information and provide it free over the internet. The value of the information to the providers is obviously monetary but to the consumer of these online products it is ease of access and less time consuming to purchase online information. Although much of information provided is considered to be free, we do pay the internet provider, and the internet provider charges a third party for access to the information. The internet today has turned into the largest library in the world. In the past students when looking for information for assignments, research projects and exams gathered information from books, newspapers and research journals. The internet has made attaining information uncomplicated. 1.1 The Value of Information to the Organisation It does not matter what type of business you are running whether it be a manufacturing business or providing a service the vital ingredient for any organisation is information. It is an organisation most vital asset. Information enables us to determine the need to create new products and services. â€Å"Information tells us to move into new markets or to withdraw from other markets. Without information, the goods do not get made, the orders are not placed, the materials are not procured, the shipments are not delivered, the customers are not billed, and the business cannot survive.† www.referenceforbusiness.com [2] 2. Information Management Systems An Information System (IS) is more than hardware or software. The most important components of the system are the people who design it, maintain it, and use it. While the overall system must meet various needs in terms of power and performance, it must also be functional for the organisations employees. Regardless which Information System an organisation chooses it is a major investment for any firm in todays business environment. A poorly chosen or designed Information System can become an impediment to an organisation in attaining its goals. If the Information system if not capable of collecting, storing and transferring vital information for the business then the outcome can be catastrophic. Customers of the business may be discontented or worse lost. Valuable revenue may be lost due to increased overheads and the business may lose desired business direction due to an ineffective Information System. 2.1 Information Management Challenges It may be essential to design different systems aimed at different levels of the organisation, firms are likely to find rewards in integrating systems, although integrating systems for different levels to freely exchange information can be complicated and expensive. Organisations need to decide what level of systems integration is required and how much it is going to cost. Sustaining a competitive advantage does not necessarily last long. Competitors can reproduce a competitors strategic information management system. Changing market conditions, changes in what the consumer wants today and changes in the business environment all add to the loss of competitive advantage within an organisation if previous standards are not maintained. Updated technology from rival companies can lead to your organisation losing its competitive advantage. Operational Level Systems Knowledge Level Systems Management Level Systems Strategic Level Systems 3. Operational Level Systems 3.1 The Transaction Support System TSS supports managers in the day to day running of the business. It keeps track of basic transactions such as sales figures, lodgements to bank, payments to creditors, payroll etc. The main purpose of the system is to answer questions which arise on a daily basis. Information must be easily obtained and precise. These are fundamental systems that serve the operational level of the organisation. Transaction Support System is a computerised system that executes the daily routine transactions necessary to carry out the day to day tasks of running a business. At the operational level duties, resources and goals are predefined and form the foundation of daily business. Example of which is a bank lending money to customers, the predetermined questions are on the computer if the customer has the capacity to fund the repayments of the loan the transaction support system will give the answer as to whether the loan can be grant or not as the case may be. Typical TPS have five major functional categories, sales marketing, manufacturing production, finance accounting and Human Resource. 3. 2 Knowledge Level Systems Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) supports the organisation employees involved in data processing. The knowledge based system helps integrate new information into the organisation and controls the flow of paper. Knowledge Level Systems are found in workstations throughout the organisation. Normally knowledge workers are people who hold formal university degrees and are often members of professional bodies such as doctors, engineers, lawyers and scientists. Their main role is to primarily create new information and knowledge. KWS, such as scientific or engineering design work stations, promote the creation new knowledge and ensure that new knowledge and technical expertise are properly integrated into the business. 4. Management Level Systems Management Information Systems (MIS) are used to monitor and control decision making and administrative activities. Management level reports provide regular intelligence rather than information on operations. Some management systems centre on less structured decisions from which the information received may not always be clear. These systems often answer the question â€Å"what if† an example of which would be â€Å"what will happen if our sales figures double in the next two months†. Answers to questions often need new data from outside the organisation as well as the readily available data found from the existing operational level system. MIS primarily serve the function of controlling, planning and decision making at management level, depending on transaction processing system for their data. The MIS condense and report on the companys basic operations. This system usually provides managers with weekly, monthly and yearly results. It will provide specified answers to routine questions that have been prepared in advance and have a predefined formula for answering them. For instance, MIS reports might list the amount of coffee used last quarter in a chain of coffee shops, or it can make comparisons between one quarter and another. Management information systems are usually not flexible and they have little diagnostic capabilities, they use simple routine reports such as summaries and comparisons. 4.1 Decision Support Systems DSS also supports management level in the organisation. DSS assist managers make decisions that are exclusive, briskly adjusting, not easy to specify beforehand. They address problems where the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully predefined. Even though DSS use internal information from TPS and MIS, they frequently bring in information from external sources, such as product price of competitors or current stock price. By design the Decision Support System have more analytical power that the other systems. Built for the sole purpose with a variety of models to analyse data, or compress large amounts of data into a form where they can then be studied by the decision makers. â€Å"DSS are designed so that users can work with them directly; these systems explicitly include user-friendly software. DSS are interactive; the user can change assumptions, ask new questions, and include new data† (Laudon Laudon. 2001) 4.2 Strategic Level Systems Executive Support System (ESS) assists senior managers attempt to address strategic issues and long term goals within the internal and external environments. The main concern is matching changes in the external environment to organisational capabilities. Information systems also supply major business functions as in sales, marketing, manufacturing and finance, accounting and human resource. A classic system will have each of the information systems designed to give the information required from each of the various departments. The sales function has a sales system on the operational level to record daily sales figures and to process customers orders. A management level system can track monthly sales, can send reports and calculate if there is an increase or decrease in sales. The system can complete sales forecasts for specific periods of time depending on the strategic structure the organisation requires. The ESS serves to address non routine decisions requiring evaluation, judgement and insight as there is no agreed procedure to find a solution. The system creates a sweeping computing and communications environment rather than supplying any fixed application or specific capabilities. The design is such; that the system incorporates data about external events like new tax laws or competitors, but they also illustrate information from the MIS and DIS. The system filters, compresses and track significant data, highlighting the reduction of time and effort in finding information of value to the executives. Within the Executive Support System there is the most advanced graphics software with the ability to deliver graphs and data from many sources without delay. 5. Integration of Information Systems The Transaction Processing Systems plays a key role in turning raw data into information it also provides data to the other systems. The ESS system relies on data from the lower level systems. Data is exchanged between the different functional areas. To aid the exchange of information many organisations are now building enterprise systems, also known as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Enterprise software models mechanise many of the business processes, such as filling an order, or planning a shipment, with the objective of integrating information across the organisation and getting rid of complex, highly priced connections between computer systems in various areas of the business. The flawless stream of information which was previously uneven throughout the organisation can now be sent throughout the various departments seamlessly. The system will collect data from a range of sources within the business process and accumulate them in a single comprehensive data repository where it can be retrieved by other departments of the business. For the managers it means that information is attained in a precise and timely manner. Enterprise systems can improve organisational effectiveness and efficiency, help the managers in the decision making process the difficulties are that the system is extremely complex and difficult to construct. Organisations will need to restructure their business practices to improve how information flows throughout the organisation. In reviewing their practices employees need to be trained to use the system and take on new responsibilities. Enterprise systems require intricate pieces of software and large investments of time, money, and expertise. 5.1 Industrial Networks Some companies are extending their enterprise systems beyond their internal enviroment to share information and synchronise their business practices and proccesses with other other businesses withing their industry. Industrial Networks can also be known as Extended Enterprises, connect together the enterprise systems of businesses within an entire industry. â€Å"For instance, Proctor and Gamble (PG), the worlds largest consumer goods company, have been developing and integrated industry -wide system that coordinatesthe grocery store point-of-sale systems with grocery store warehouses, shippers, its own manufacturing facilities, and its suppliers of raw materials. The single industry-spanning system effectively allows PG to moniter the movement of all its products from raw materials to customer purchase† (Laudon Laudon. 2001)[4] 6. Discussion Depending on the type of business the organisation may have several different types of Information Systems. For Example: An Accounts firm whose main activity is the collation of figures, with a large volume of clients would have various different departments working off a mainframe. Each department within the organisation will have various different levels of access to the centralised computer system. The Human Resource department will have access to the files of the employees working for the company but would not have access to the clients business records. The accountants working for the firm have access to the clients files but do not have access to the files of the employees. Because there are different interests in a firm no single system can give all the information an organisation requires. Information Systems can be made to provide different organisational interests. The use of these systems can provide an organisation with a strategic competitive advantage although unless a business can keep up with technological advances competitors may in fact remove the advantage an organisation has worked hard to retain. 7. Conclusion This report is titled â€Å"Information Management Systems that support organisations† But in order to appreciate what an Information system and integration can do for an organisation it was worthwhile to investigate the value of information. The advantages to organisations are clear raw data processed through Transaction Report Systems and reports are generated to the specifications required for managers. Knowledge Work Systems which is specialised system creating new information operated by professional employees. Organisations and information influence each other. Information systems must be aligned to provide information that is important to each department in the organisation. In order for the organisation to work efficiently and effectively it must be open to the influence of the Information Systems. Keeping abreast of new technologies will essential for organisations in order to sustain competitive advantage. Interaction between information technologies is complex and is influenced by interceding issues, including the structure of the organisation, operating procedures, culture, politics, internal and external environment, and managers decision making. Unless it is understood that Information system changes life in the organisation, they are unable to successfully design new systems or understand active systems within the organisation. Within the organisation managers will decide what systems will be built, what they will do, and how the implantation of the systems will occur. However the cost involved in building Information Management Systems has to take into consideration but can any organisation afford to be without one.

Anticipatory Grief Essays -- Psychology

Grief is a universal reaction experienced by all of us at some time in our lives. The capacity that makes each of us capable of warm, satisfying relationships also leaves us vulnerable to sadness, despair, and grief when such relationships are disrupted (Carr, 1969). Regardless of the actual relationship that might have existed prior to the death, we have the tendency to idealize the relationship once death has occurred and we expect expressions of normal grief. Unfortunately, "normal grief' is what society expects, but the needs of the individual prerequisites putting a label on grief. Because society influences our behavior through the secondary reinforcement of social approval during this time, we are not looking at the primary reinforcer of survival. The needs of each individual can only be understood in the light of knowledge of his/her own developmental background and the particular conflicts being mobilized, and what defenses are being used against these (Maddison & Raphael, 1 972). This same developmental background is important in another aspect of death called anticipatory grief. The term anticipatory grief was first used by Lindemann in 1944 to " ... denote a reaction to separation and the possibility of death rather than the inevitability of death" (Bourke, 1984). Over the years there has been much discussion and research has been done on anticipatory grief. But to this point research evidence is inconsistent. All research points to the fact that anticipated losses that face the individual are very real. "Their emotional investment in the individual's presence, the satisfactions and warmth that they have received through their attachment to her or him, are soon to be ended"(Kalish, 1977). Since Lindemann (... ... management of acute grief. American Journal of Psychiatry, 101, 141-148. Maddison, D. C. & Raphael, B. (1972). The family of the dying patient. In B. Schoenberg, A. Carr, A. Kutscher, D. Peretz, & I. Goldberg, (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of terminal care (pp. 185-200). New York: Columbia Univ. Press. Marples, M. (1986). Helping family members cope with a senile relative. Social Casework: The Journal of Contemporary Social Work, 67, 490-498. Osterweis, M., Solomon, F., & Green, M. (1984). Bereavement: Reactions, consequences, and care. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Rando, T. A. (1988). Anticipatory grief: The term is a misnomer but the phenomenon exits. Journal of Palliative Care, 4, 70-73. Rando, T. A. (1989). Anticipatory grief. In R. Kastenbaum & B. K. Kastenbaum (Eds.), Encyclopedia of death (12-15). Phoenix: The Oryx Press.

Noahs Ark vs. Jurassic Park :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Noah's Ark vs. Jurassic Park As the human population of the world continues to increase the flora and fauna of the planet are becoming an increasingly smaller part of the picture. Environmentalist and conservationists all over the globe are working hard to find strategies and methods for the preservation of disappearing creatures and species. An increasingly popular idea that would allow for great benefits in the field of conservation became apparent in 1996 with the cloning of sheep by the name of Dolly. Since then the scientific debate on the relationship between cloning and conservation has ensued. Although the answer to that question remains on the horizon, cloning for helping endangered species is a process that may become a frequent procedure in the future. When one thinks of cloning generally the first idea that pops into your mind is a large tube filled with some creature attached to a lot of tubes. Cloning actually, is a much more complicated and difficult process. Cloning, scientifically defined is, "asexual reproduction or as the creation of genetically identical individuals" (1). In the cloning process the DNA of one individual creature is "copied" into the cell, or embryo, of another and then that embryo develops into a baby and proceeds down the process of birth and embryological development. Currently, many scientists believe that if the DNA of endangered species is rescued and preserved that the DNA of that species could undergo the cloning process and thus produce a clone of that species. The results of this cloning process would be enormous or it "will open a new front in the battle to preserve the Earth's biodiversity by cloning endangered gorillas, tigers and other rare species" (2). Cloning of endangered species would be a monumental achievement for the scientific community. Many people when they think of cloning picture sometime weird science fiction creature in a test but in real life the idea of cloning could be a valuable tool for the environmental community and it would be a process could vastly improve the current situation of endangered species. Part of the reason why the cloning process is so highly revered is because of the level of complexity and the multiple details that must develop accordingly for the process to work. Robert P. Lanza says, "It is a deceptively simple-looking process. A needle jabs through the protective layer surrounding an egg. A research assistant sucks out the egg's nucleus, which contains the majority of a cell's genetic material, leaving behind only a sac of gel called cytoplasm.

M. Butterfly Essay -- Literary Analysis, David Henry Hwang

At the end of the play M. Butterfly, a jailed French diplomat turned spy named Gallimard says, "There is a vision of the Orient that I have" (Hwang 3.3.7). In that moment he is implying that there are still beautiful women, as he thought his "Butterfly" was. This is suggestive of the colonial appeal. Colonization is made possible by one society characterizing another in a way that makes it seem like a good idea. The characterization of these cultures, such as the Orient or Africa, is carried out through literature, works of art, and drama. Certainly, plays, poems, books, and stories are only a few of the ways used to convince the masses of a modern nation of the justification to colonize. If one wants to rebel against colonization, one would need to place corruption upon the colonizer so to support the liberation. This approach looks to be accepted in drama, where there are two excellent illustrations of postcolonial literature, M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang, and A Tempest by Aime Cesaire. Both plays are re-worked versions of and Puccini's opera, Madame Butterfly and Shakespeare's The Tempest, and retain similar characters and basic plots. Shakespeare's and Puccini's works created symbols of other cultures. Caliban is the black devil, and Cio-Cio San is the timid and beautiful "Butterfly." These symbols have become stereotypes in Western culture, and formed, the justification for colonization. To pin these works against the idea of colonization, Cesaire and Hwang must greatly alter the content. They do so, but they also mimic the styles of the original versions. A Tempest is written in modern English, and Shakespeare's songs are substituted with slave tunes. Hwang dr... .... And in imagination I will remain† (Hwang 2.2.137-138) Song ends up winning in the end by reversing the roles and possessing the power. The only actual effect of the victory is Gallimard's suicide, which seems to hurt Song. The inconclusiveness in both of these endings could be a result from the unknown quality of the postcolonial world. Colonization forces us to endure and incorporate the unknown and unwanted. What follows cannot be a simple return to native ways. Whatever society arises will be a combination of the old and the new, set free to make its own way. Our world is made up by the stories that are told. The Tempest and Madame Butterfly constructed characters that became symbols of entire cultures. These symbols are carried on in M. Butterfly and A Tempest, showing us how the underlying issues might look different, but they never really change. M. Butterfly Essay -- Literary Analysis, David Henry Hwang At the end of the play M. Butterfly, a jailed French diplomat turned spy named Gallimard says, "There is a vision of the Orient that I have" (Hwang 3.3.7). In that moment he is implying that there are still beautiful women, as he thought his "Butterfly" was. This is suggestive of the colonial appeal. Colonization is made possible by one society characterizing another in a way that makes it seem like a good idea. The characterization of these cultures, such as the Orient or Africa, is carried out through literature, works of art, and drama. Certainly, plays, poems, books, and stories are only a few of the ways used to convince the masses of a modern nation of the justification to colonize. If one wants to rebel against colonization, one would need to place corruption upon the colonizer so to support the liberation. This approach looks to be accepted in drama, where there are two excellent illustrations of postcolonial literature, M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang, and A Tempest by Aime Cesaire. Both plays are re-worked versions of and Puccini's opera, Madame Butterfly and Shakespeare's The Tempest, and retain similar characters and basic plots. Shakespeare's and Puccini's works created symbols of other cultures. Caliban is the black devil, and Cio-Cio San is the timid and beautiful "Butterfly." These symbols have become stereotypes in Western culture, and formed, the justification for colonization. To pin these works against the idea of colonization, Cesaire and Hwang must greatly alter the content. They do so, but they also mimic the styles of the original versions. A Tempest is written in modern English, and Shakespeare's songs are substituted with slave tunes. Hwang dr... .... And in imagination I will remain† (Hwang 2.2.137-138) Song ends up winning in the end by reversing the roles and possessing the power. The only actual effect of the victory is Gallimard's suicide, which seems to hurt Song. The inconclusiveness in both of these endings could be a result from the unknown quality of the postcolonial world. Colonization forces us to endure and incorporate the unknown and unwanted. What follows cannot be a simple return to native ways. Whatever society arises will be a combination of the old and the new, set free to make its own way. Our world is made up by the stories that are told. The Tempest and Madame Butterfly constructed characters that became symbols of entire cultures. These symbols are carried on in M. Butterfly and A Tempest, showing us how the underlying issues might look different, but they never really change.

Ethics Team Case

The auditor discovers that the manager in question, referred to as Charles, is exclusively responsible for setting bonus targets for himself and his department. This alone poses a red flag in the mind of the auditor.In particular is the simple fact that a manager should not be solely responsible or the distribution of bonus targets for his own gratuity. Furthermore, a fundamental element of internal control was not in play. This could give rise to a conflict of interest and overlook a segregation of duties. Following protocol, the auditor brings the issue up to senior management of the accounting firm who concurs that there is a potential issue and requests the auditor to pursue another meeting with Charles. Ultimately, it is determined that there is a noteworthy statement of error on the bonus accruals that will need to be reaffirmed.This will also be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). There is little doubt that this will be a poor reflection on the performance of Charles and may even lead to further ramifications. The auditor's manager is in agreement with this restatement until he learns that the manager that was audited was Charles. The accounting firm manager and Charles are friends outside of work and, from what we can gather, are close with each other's families as well. Immediately pressure is put on the auditor to reverse course and hold off on any formal restatements.With insinuations from the auditor's manager that filing any restatements against Charles or his department would be detrimental to her performance review, the auditor is now faced with a career changing decision. Her performance review and future with the company is at the discretion of her manager. More importantly, by correctly reporting the misstatement, she will guarantee a poor review and possibly a termination of employment. Placed in a compromising position, the auditor's loyalty is questioned. To whom does she owe her loyalty in this situation?As a Certified Public Accountant, there are certain calls of duty, a Code of Ethics to the profession, the obligation to the Organization, and the general financial stability of the marketplace. More importantly, a performance of one's responsibilities in identifying potential misstatements that prevent false or misleading information is proper protocol. In addition to these allegiances, there is the question of obligation that the auditor has to her direct supervisor; who, in this instance, is asking her to ignore duties to the firm and her professional association.We will examine several alternatives that the auditor could choose while being put in this precarious position. Ultimately we will arrive at what we determine is the cost appropriate decision among the alternatives and will argue that decision with ethical concepts we have learned throughout the semester. Alternatives and Measurements With further evaluation of the case, it is evident that the relevant stakeholder is the young auditor working for the large accounting firm. She is faced with decisions regarding her career, her loyalty to the company and manager, and her profession as a certified public accountant.The auditor is faced with various alternatives that can be leveraged to alleviate the compromising situation that she has found herself to be in at this time. It is clear that one alternative will ultimately hold itself morally superior than the other alternatives, but careful analysis relating to general moral theory is needed to appreciate the arguments. As determined by our team, the auditor is faced with four alternatives to benefit the current situation that she finds herself in.Below is our thorough analysis of the four alternatives, which eventually leads to the morally superior choice. As an auditor, this individual is faced with a precarious situation that has the potential to make or break her career as a Certified Public Accountant. Together, as a team, our first identifiable alternative to th e situation is for the young auditor to ignore the situation entirely. Kant thinks that the validity of morality depends on the freedom of the will and conceptually, a duty, and is certainly achievable (Discarding,J & McCall, 2014).Given this rationale, we have learned that the individual's manager has strongly encouraged the auditor to ‘indoor on other things and to move past these questionable findings† (Case 1). If the auditor simply conceded to the managers requests, she would ultimately assert herself to the belief that there is generally no laid or required moral standard. Relativism is a greater title. It is not what people do believe, but what they should believe. Imposing ones moral beliefs on another is wrong, especially if the belief is categorically immoral.Seeing that the auditor's manager has a direct relationship to Charles and his family clouds his judgment, but according to moral theory, it is not wise for the auditor to levy her beliefs on the situation . Turning a blind eye in the face of adversity is something that is not normally celebrated by individuals, but relevant to the young auditors career, it may have been the only viable Option at that time. Her direct manager has threatened the auditor indicating that by failing to let this go, her year-end performance review will be compromised (Case 1).The potential consequences could be debilitating and end her career as a Certified Public Accountant. The performance review was critical. It was duly noted that if one does not get promoted according to the firms regulated progression schedule, they are likely not to have a job after performance roundtable (Case 1). This could very well have been the only realistic alternative that the young auditor sensed at the end of the discussions. Collectively, as a team and contrary to the aforementioned option, we arrived at another credible alternative to the situation; asking a similar manager with unbiased views for his/her opinion.The aud itor states in the case that her direct manager was friends with Charles and did not want to see Charles ultimately come under scrutiny for his self-imposed bonus payout practices. With a willingness to review the matter at hand, managers sharing the same fiscal responsibility as the young auditor may appreciate the gravity of the situation. We looked to this alternative as a viable method of creasing the possible effects facing both Charles and the young auditor's manager.We can only assume and, therefore, hope that the other manager would see the â€Å"ethical implications† regarding the bonus payout made to both Charles and his employees. The correlation of basic rights holds important implications to this alternative by protecting the rights of persons in pursuit of the common good (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014). Most of us are committed to the belief that some individual interests should be protected from actions aimed at improving the good for all, that this is not alwa ys sufficientjustification for sacrificing the interests of the few.Individuals have rights that should not be sacrificed merely for satisfying the preferences of a majority (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014). If the auditor hydration had determined that Charles' actions are questionable at best, she has the right to bring it to the attention of another person other than her direct manager. This foundation relies on the fact that he was willing to do nothing in relation to the impropriety at hand. Basic rights are positive rights as well as duties (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014). They impose affirmative obligations to help secure another's interests.We can see as a team that it is necessary for the young auditor to evaluate the positive rights and duties as related to these alternatives. Besides the reinforcement of proper auditing procedures, the ill benefits of monies allocated to Charlie could further service the company or to other hard working employees. The positive duties can be s hared among players, in this case between the auditor and a similar manager; therefore it is obvious that the auditor can use this as an option to share her thoughts arising from Charles' duplicitous bonus practice.While involving others can somewhat be frowned upon in certain professional situations, we find that, given her hefty predicament, it is a necessary alternative for the young auditor going forward. As a team, we have two alternatives to the young auditor's current situation. Based on ethical theories and the current situation, our third alternative is relevant to the young auditor's mandatory decision process. General moral theory lends itself to the argument of theories, utilities and rights. Morality is a layered definition that lends itself to specific judgments and the obvious action that that the option is morally wrong.They can be determined as mid- level rules and/or basic principles, most notably a Certified Public Accountants Code of Ethics. We recognized the har mful consequences that could possibly be incurred by the bonus payouts for Charles and his team. Stated in the case are the facts that not only was Charles â€Å"responsible for setting the performance targets required for a bonus payout to both the employees in his department and himself,† but the auditor had also â€Å"quantified the bonus accrual to be misstated by several million dollars† (Case 1).In accord with the Utilitarianism argument represented in general moral theory, this misstatement directly relates to harmful consequences for both the individuals and society. When part of a large Fortune 500 company, financial statements are disclosed with the Securities Exchange Commission. Incorrectly reporting the financial not only places ramifications on the individuals responsible, in this case the auditing team and pertinent individuals from the company being audited at the time, but it relates directly to the stockholders of the company.Incorrect financial state ments can cause detriment to society as a whole seeing that investor's in the company would potentially be investing in a company that was misstating their financial for gain. As a team we decided that the cost/benefit analysis involving this situation was significant enough not to be overlooked. When faced with situations where the competent way of achieving one's goals and objectives jars with moral values, a person needs to ask herself why should one be ethical? The power to tackle the confusions produced by the leading view of management is the appeal of stakeholder theory.The theory suggests that a fundamental oral principle to bear on corporate activities; one that requires managers to acknowledge all that corporate stakeholders have equals their moral status. In addition, they are to acknowledge this status in all of their activities (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014). A Utilitarianism argument actually supports the stakeholder theory since it compels that managers take everyone' s interest into account, not just the stockholders. Ultimately it maximizes happiness and encourages interest satisfaction for all concerned in the situation (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014).Evaluating the decision and policy as to whether it increases utility for all that can be affected while defining the stakeholder, the young auditor faced with this problem would have no option but to let all relevant parties know the general misconduct affirmed by the company and choose to let senior management evaluate the egregious acts. Utilitarianism as learned benefits the â€Å"common good† and when relating the financial statements to larger portfolio of stockholders for the company, it seems necessary that this alternative is sustainable.We will be, more than likely, exposed to unethical behaviors in all venues of the business world. But, virtue has its own reward. There are countless, truthful ways that the young auditor can approach her ill-fated circumstances, but sometimes a pe rson could be uncovered to barriers that are beyond control. In order for a leader to inspire others, they need to lead by example. Good leadership takes strength of character and a firm commitment to do the right thing based on your moral code. Therefore, another alternative would be to release herself from the duties of the company.Ethics are normally concerned with moral responsibilities or with Inquiries linking to what is right or wrong. The actions of supervisors, what resolutions they pursue, and what actions they take are all touched by ethics. In any given setting, what a supervisor observes as â€Å"right' instinctively affects his or her actions and the actions of the employees. Moral standards are the consequence of shared strengths and human understandings over hundreds of years. For example, society condemns cheating, lying, and stealing. However, the application of ethics is an individual consideration.Do you or do you not follow moral standards when dealing with oth ers? Are you aware of a moral code and, if so, how do you interpret it? Differences in awareness and interpretation of ethical standards create many problems. To demonstrate, when does a deed consent to the domain Of righteous self-interest and become personal deceit? Does the fact that a person was not disciplined for a certain action make it acceptable? Not being reprimanded may be why Charles did not change his tactics. All too often, actions are justified based on the means used or based on the ends accomplished.That is, do we hold an act to be morally right on the basis of the means used or on the basis of the end result? One might reason, for example, that the act of lying if it achieves positive results, is acceptable? Conversely, one might consider any action that employs ethical ways to be perfectly justifiable regardless of the outcome. A person's inclination to protest with a company's ethical standards demonstrates their moral code and usually is fixed and consistent acr oss all frameworks. Business ethics will believe your corporate image what you portray it to be.The ethical imprint you leave with others dictates in volumes about your personality. The team came to an abrupt realization that sometimes in business, in order to safeguard your corporate presentation ND image, surrendering your duties may be the only feasible choice. The Morally Superior Alternative Looking through the mission, vision, or value statements Of most corporations, you will observe that nearly every company comprises a statement about integrity; a soundness of moral character. After all, integrity should be the basis for doing business.Moreover, a person does not want to work for a company that exemplifies dishonestly to their employees. However, simplicity has its conquests. Rationalizing a situation to legitimate its integrity, reliant on corporate policy, can be difficult. Acceptable practices f defining integrity require personal judgment and value statements are intend ed to be reminiscent that corporate responsibility of integrity is shared as a culture. With our team's values being represented as such, the analysis of all four probable decision alternatives guided us to choose the morally superior alternative.Ultimately we have decided that a marriage of two alternatives is the superior option for the young auditor. Whistle blowing on the situation, while simultaneously looking for employment elsewhere at a firm that respects an individual's moral code represents itself to us as the viable option. The ethical action is tone that provides the greatest good for the greatest number (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014). By disclosing all pertinent facts to proper personnel, including the SEC, and retiring her position from the firm, the auditor can maintain her integrity and ethical behavior in her professional career.The general moral theory concepts are outlined below as substantiating evidence for our decision. . Our approach was gained in the analysis . Realizing that there was a problem, we came to the realization that the young auditor was facing a moral and atheistically or moral problem, en being the rules Of conduct recognized in respect to Charles' actions and the latter being the personal compass of right and wrong with Charles and the auditor's supervisor. The ethics are governed by loosely fitting professional guidelines where morality surpasses these cultural standards.Given these external standards provided by the organization, one's morals may be influenced. Milton Friedman believed that all a business has to focus on is to use its resources and make profit. However, even he believed that the business needed to stay with the rules of the game (Discarding, J & McCall, 2014). Turning a blind eye on the situation, selecting another supervisor to analyze the facts, ceasing employment at the company, or to taking drastic measures and blowing the whistle on the covert relations, are all options that the young auditor can ta ke.But, in which direction does her moral compass point? Can she live with her decision to do nothing about it? The threat of disclosing information to another supervisor can result in further repercussions of her job performance, hence, her forced early termination. As an auditor, you accept a Code of Ethics that states the principles and expectations governing the behavior of individuals and organizations (International Ethics Standards Board of Accountants, 2013). This impartial declaration is designed to add value to one's self and the organization that they represent.It is founded on principles of integrity, objectivity, confidentiality, and competency. Internal Auditor's principles recite that acting with due diligence and responsibility while observing the law and not participating in activities that may impair unbiased assessment of information relevant to professional judgments are what shapes the formation of the elite auditor. Auditors are to provide judicious guarantee a bout whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements, resulting from error or fraud.Their failure to support the opinion that they have filed is one's responsibility. The synergistic relationship of business and society calls for ethics in these practices. Neither of these groups could succeed without the faith of the other (SABA, 2014). The team has used this honorable set Of principles to forgo a coalesced decision moving forward. Sometimes it is easier to form opinions outside the realm of things. However, taking the morally superior alternative would be to honor the given principles that one's profession dictates.We have come to realize that, the auditor's company does not demonstrate the doctrines of trust and honesty. There are certain standards that which we strive for complete maturity of our morality. Through considerate thought on what kind of persons we likely want to become, the Virtue Approach enables us to act in ways that develop our highest potent ial. They allow us to follow the models we have embraced; honesty, courage, compassion, integrity, and self-control. Virtues are like bits, once learned; they become illustrative off person.A person who has recognized these virtues will naturally be ready to act in ways that are sound with moral principles. That being said, the virtuous person is the ethical person. The young auditor, we feel, is that ethical person who should reveal all pertinent information through the proper channels and look for employment elsewhere. Thereafter, terminating her position from her current place of employment will be the key that will open the moral lock and give her the ability to distance herself from all unethical behaviors.This case provided an interesting challenge demonstrating various ethical solutions that the team could have embraced. Eventually, the team made the recommendation based on a moral code of human society and professionalism. The auditor's Code of Ethics represents the ethical steps to her future excellence in the corporate world, but more importantly, for herself.

Into the wild

Into the wild Imagine this, giving away absolutely all the money that you have in savings away to charity leaving everything behind†¦ Absolutely everything, and then Just going away Into the wilderness to live off the land. That, to many people, may sound completely Insane, but to Chris Mishandles It was completely reasonable. Chris Mishandles, a twenty-four year old left to Alaska to live In the wilderness for a couple of months, but what he didn't know was that he wasn't going to be able to make it out alive.John Krause the author of the book into the wild follows all of Chris Uncleanness's steps and his journey from the moment that he left home to his death. Christopher Mishandles had just graduated from Emory university when he decided to leave everything behind. He left his home, family, everything he owned, and only taking what he would be able to carry on his back. Chris had $24,000 in his savings and his father had planned for him to go to law school with that money, but instead Chris gave it all away to charity.Chrism's plans were to go to on a Journey to Alaska and eve In the wild for a couple of months, however Chris TLD tell any of his family members about his plans, and didn't keep In touch with any of them during any part of his Journey. This left Chrism's parents extremely worried about what had happened to their son. Chris left absolutely everything he had and went out in look for nature and peace. He wanted to get away from society, all the rules, and everyone that he felt had control over him.During his trip to Alaska Chris meets many different kinds of people that have and impact on his life as well as they do on him. Throughout this story Chris proves how he doesn't like authority, in fact, he hates it. Chris dislikes anyone who he feels has authority over him. One of the themes is freedom. Chris basically does everything he does to find the ultimate freedom. He wants to escape from all the rules. While talking to Jim, the guy that drov e Chris to Alaska, Chris exclaims, â€Å"How I feed myself is none of the government's business.Buck their stupid rules. † proving how much Chris hated authority and how he disliked the government, he felt as the government had authority over him. Another proof that Chris was looking to free himself from authority Is how Chris leaves his home because he felt as his father had authority over him. This leads to the conclusion that one of the themes for the book is ultimate freedom. Krause had never meet Chris in person he had never actually socialized with Chris, but realized that much of what motivated Chris is what motivated him as well.The speaker and the subject both had a connection with nature. Krause had been introduced to a mountain by his father and that's when e began to be interested in nature. Mishandles and Krause had both climbed the Devils Thumb, but their goals were different. Squeaker's goal was to complete the journey of being able to write the biography of Mi shandles. Krause had planned ahead to remain alive. The reason why Chris had gone to Devils Thumb was to feel free and get away from everything. Chris had not packed or planned ahead he In a way Just went and let faith decide for him.Chris and Krause had the same views but their own ways of Interpreting them. Krause makes many assumptions throughout the book. Everything Chris does is an assumption that Krause made Alaska. The way Chris is and how he acts are assumptions we make because of the way that Krause describes Chris. The way Chris is described as the ways that he views life are assumptions made by Krause. No one will ever really know how and why Chris did what he did, but what Krause assumes assumes is pretty close. The reason for writing the novel is because people are easy to Judge.The story of Mishandles got to people as soon as he died. People Judged Mishandles because they didn't see things from his perspective. They began to think that Mishandles was selfish for leavin g his family and insane for going into the wilderness without being prepared. The story provided reasoning to what Mishandles had done, to prove to people that Mishandles wasn't completely insane. Krause wanted people to remember Chris as someone that had an impact on people because of what he did, and not as someone that was Just completely insane. Into the wild Into the wild 4 Chris Mishandles, a Sophisticated Young Man. Even though Chris wanted to get absolute freedom, his Journey turned out to be a just selfish one, not even getting totally separated from the civilization or society. It Is possible that he went out on a Journey to get everlasting freedom from strict rules and formats. Even If Chris was an intellectual student, getting all As, well enough to go to Harvard law school, one time, he got F on a Physics. The reason was that Chris id not follow the format that the teacher told to students, regardless of the answers.His father agrees with the teacher, which shows his father, as well as the teacher, was a very strict person, especially on rules. As he realized that his father had another wife, and thought of his father as a immoral man, this young man who was full of energy may wanted to get out the society and get free. As he got out of the society, he earns money by himself and travels by himself. The one contradiction that I fo und was that he needed the money. Nowadays, money Is necessary for trade, economy; It became the basic part of our lives.In this sense, money can represent the excelled world, which Chris was not able to get rid of. If he did not need the money, there Is no reason for him to work In a Macdonald or under Westerners. Chris even mentions In one of his letters that he realized the money was necessary part of his journey, which seems contradictory for pure freedom. Another contradiction could be found with his life in Alaska. The reason why he went there was because he as motivated by his books.One of them is â€Å"Call of the Wild†, by Jack London. The story of this book is about a dog from California, going back to Alaska undergoing lots of sufferings. It seems that the dog got absolute freedom, but the author himself never went to Alaska, not even into the wilds. Chris also thought that Alaska was a pure nature. He thought that this purity and isolation would enable him to find out who he truly is, by feeling the nature and working by himself. Well, reality was different. Chris lacked In food.If he had enough time for this kind of self-learning, his diary would not be full of foods, rather what he observed on that day or what he realized should be written. Furthermore, even If he tried to get out of the world full of structures, his journey and its consequence (his deathly shows that this was for his own good. A death of one's child is one of the most tragic occurrences for parents. Chris not coming back home, and death made his parents worry such that his mother ,Bible, would mistakenly think any hitchhiker passing by as her son. ChrisMishandles is truly a sophisticated young man, with desire for freedom, who had to rely on money, trying to find out who he truly was, being a selfish one at the end. Just selfish one, not even getting totally separated from the civilization or society. It is and formats. Even if Chris was an intellectual student, getting a ll As, well enough to I found was that he needed the money. Nowadays, money is necessary for trade, economy; it became the basic part of our lives. In this sense, money can represent the civilized world, which Chris was not able to get rid of.If he did not need the money, there is no reason for him to work in a Macdonald or under Westerners. Chris even mentions in one of his letters that he realized the money was necessary part of his Journey, which seems contradictory for pure freedom. Another contradiction different. Chris lacked in food. If he had enough time for this kind of self-learning, his realized should be written. Furthermore, even if he tried to get out of the world full of structures, his Journey and its consequence. Into the Wild The Unforgiven â€Å"In April 1992 a young man from a well-to-do family hitchhiked to Alaska and walked alone into the wilderness north of Mt. McKinley. His name was Christopher Johnson McCandless. He had given $25,000 in savings to charity, abandoned his car and most of his possessions, burned all the cash in his wallet, and invented a new life for himself. Four months later, his decomposed body was found by a moose hunter†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Krakauer, 1) But, what lead him to do all of these and eventually die alone in the coldest place on earth, Alaska? For some, the society leads him to do these, and for some his parents lead him to die in this way.But in my opinion, it was all his fault. Chris’ inability to forgive; lead him to isolate himself from his friends, lead him to hate his parents and, most importantly, lead him to die. Chris was a boy who did not know to forgive anyone or anything, which caused him to lose friends in the college. Whatever happens between people, they should always forgive each other to continue their relationships or friendships. But the inability of Chris to forgive anyone caused him to isolate himself in the college and in the society. As a result of this isolation Chris chose to go into the wilderness alone.Even though it doesn’t mention clearly in the book that whether Chris had strong relationships with his friends or not, it is clear that he wasn’t the type of person who used to have so many friends. He was an introverted type of person. And his relationships with his friends seem to be shallow. This isolation was caused by his inability to forgive and his characteristic of being an introverted type of person. These two facts affected his life directly because whoever isolates himself from his friends and society may do dangerous things. And the dangerous thing that he has done appeared to be escaping into the wilderness.Even though he tried to isolate himself from the society, it wasn’t possible to d o it while living in the society, and that’s why he escaped into the wilderness. So, the most affective fact for him to isolate himself from the society and therefore escaping into the wild, was his inability to forgive. His inability to forgive didn’t cause him to just lose his friends and isolate from the society but also hate his parents and disgust their manners. â€Å"Their fraudulent marriage and our father’s denial of his other son was for Chris a murder of every day’s truth. † from this quote, it can be said that his father was married with nother woman when his mother was pregnant to him. And after learning that, Chris loses all the respect and all the love he had towards his parents. But if he could’ve just forgive them and accept them as they are, he wouldn’t die alone. It is perfectly normal for him to show some anger to his parents but after some time he should’ve forgive them. It is wrong to judge people for the t hings they’ve done in the past. Everyone needs a second chance and therefore everyone deserves to be forgiven. You can’t change the past by escaping into the wilderness, but you may change your relationship with people by forgiving them.And forgiving just doesn’t cause any harm to you, but escaping into the wilderness may. As he forgave neither his parents, nor the society he used to live in, he also didn’t accept them in the way they are. It is hard to change people’s minds after they grow up, but it is easier to change your mind when you are younger. The society that Chris used to live was composed of people who had different ideas with Chris. They were materialistic, but Chris was not; they liked rules but Chris hated rules; they think that joy emanates from human relationships, but Chris thinks that joy emanates from the nature.However, if the person wants to be happy, he can be happy in any condition. But to be able to do that and be happy eve rywhere, that person must accept the people with their characteristics and should not try to change them, that person should be optimistic and most importantly that person must forget and forgive the other people that live in the society. Ron Franz says: â€Å"From the bits and pieces I put together, you know, from what you told me about your family, your mother and your dad. And I know you've got your problems with the church too.But there's some kind of bigger thing we can all appreciate, and it sounds like you don't mind calling it God. But when you forgive, you love. And when you love, God's light shines on you. † And this quote shows that Ron also noticed Chris’ inability to forgive; because he recommends Chris to forgive anyone no matter what happened in between and he also mentions that he will find the way to get in contact with God if he learns to forgive. Ron Franz notices his inability to forgive and feels like he has to give him this speech where he put emp hasis on â€Å"forgiving†.Because from his experiences he knows that forgiving is important and he also knows that Chris will be happy if he learns to forgive. To sum up, I think that Chris’ inability to forgive people lead him to die, where he could’ve just chosen to forgive everyone and be happy. But Chris chose the easy way which is to escape from the society rather than trying to be a part of that society by learning to forgive and to forget. If he had found a way to forgive his parents and the society for their mistakes would he have gone such extremes to find himself? Into the Wild Although Chris McCandless’s life ended abruptly, he successfully found meaning in himself and confirmed his belief in the value of living to the fullest when he listened to his inner self as he survived in the Alaskan wild. Into the Wild by Jon Krakaur tells the story of Chris’s bold decision to separate himself from society. He had a good life going for him, but yet McCandless felt as if he wasn’t really living. He said, â€Å"If you want to get more out of life, you must lose your inclination for monotonous security and adopt a helter-skelter style of life that will at first appear to you to be crazy†(89). In order for him to develop life’s true value, he felt as though needed to get away, despite what everyone else thought. He proved his long journey successful through his pleasure at the end, fulfilled by its life changing effect on him. He had completed his emotional journey of finding himself and arranged to return to society, before the surprise of his unexpected downfall. He proclaims, â€Å"I am reborn. This is my dawn. Real life has just begun†(168). McCandless had learned contentment and gained the will to go back to his old environment with a new perspective. His independence and stronghold on life proves the importance of self-realization and knowing oneself, showing the reader that every person has his own aspirations and needs they need to fulfill. Later on, when Chris realizes he has no more hope of living, he writes yet an inspiring and gratifying tribute. He said, â€Å"I have had a happy life and thank the Lord. Goodbye and may God bless all! †(199). Chris was a real-life example of a person’s morals being pursued and put into action. He shows readers the importance of self-realization and identity, even if others aren’t accepting. One should set standards for himself, and not let others influence them. Chris McCandless lived past his mistakes and accomplished what he needed to do in order to become the best and happiest person he was capable of. Into the Wild Into the wild Into the wild Imagine this, giving away absolutely all the money that you have in savings away to charity leaving everything behind†¦ Absolutely everything, and then Just going away Into the wilderness to live off the land. That, to many people, may sound completely Insane, but to Chris Mishandles It was completely reasonable. Chris Mishandles, a twenty-four year old left to Alaska to live In the wilderness for a couple of months, but what he didn't know was that he wasn't going to be able to make it out alive.John Krause the author of the book into the wild follows all of Chris Uncleanness's steps and his journey from the moment that he left home to his death. Christopher Mishandles had just graduated from Emory university when he decided to leave everything behind. He left his home, family, everything he owned, and only taking what he would be able to carry on his back. Chris had $24,000 in his savings and his father had planned for him to go to law school with that money, but instead Chris gave it all away to charity.Chrism's plans were to go to on a Journey to Alaska and eve In the wild for a couple of months, however Chris TLD tell any of his family members about his plans, and didn't keep In touch with any of them during any part of his Journey. This left Chrism's parents extremely worried about what had happened to their son. Chris left absolutely everything he had and went out in look for nature and peace. He wanted to get away from society, all the rules, and everyone that he felt had control over him.During his trip to Alaska Chris meets many different kinds of people that have and impact on his life as well as they do on him. Throughout this story Chris proves how he doesn't like authority, in fact, he hates it. Chris dislikes anyone who he feels has authority over him. One of the themes is freedom. Chris basically does everything he does to find the ultimate freedom. He wants to escape from all the rules. While talking to Jim, the guy that drov e Chris to Alaska, Chris exclaims, â€Å"How I feed myself is none of the government's business.Buck their stupid rules. † proving how much Chris hated authority and how he disliked the government, he felt as the government had authority over him. Another proof that Chris was looking to free himself from authority Is how Chris leaves his home because he felt as his father had authority over him. This leads to the conclusion that one of the themes for the book is ultimate freedom. Krause had never meet Chris in person he had never actually socialized with Chris, but realized that much of what motivated Chris is what motivated him as well.The speaker and the subject both had a connection with nature. Krause had been introduced to a mountain by his father and that's when e began to be interested in nature. Mishandles and Krause had both climbed the Devils Thumb, but their goals were different. Squeaker's goal was to complete the journey of being able to write the biography of Mi shandles. Krause had planned ahead to remain alive. The reason why Chris had gone to Devils Thumb was to feel free and get away from everything. Chris had not packed or planned ahead he In a way Just went and let faith decide for him.Chris and Krause had the same views but their own ways of Interpreting them. Krause makes many assumptions throughout the book. Everything Chris does is an assumption that Krause made Alaska. The way Chris is and how he acts are assumptions we make because of the way that Krause describes Chris. The way Chris is described as the ways that he views life are assumptions made by Krause. No one will ever really know how and why Chris did what he did, but what Krause assumes assumes is pretty close. The reason for writing the novel is because people are easy to Judge.The story of Mishandles got to people as soon as he died. People Judged Mishandles because they didn't see things from his perspective. They began to think that Mishandles was selfish for leavin g his family and insane for going into the wilderness without being prepared. The story provided reasoning to what Mishandles had done, to prove to people that Mishandles wasn't completely insane. Krause wanted people to remember Chris as someone that had an impact on people because of what he did, and not as someone that was Just completely insane. Into the wild Into the wild Imagine this, giving away absolutely all the money that you have in savings away to charity leaving everything behind†¦ Absolutely everything, and then Just going away Into the wilderness to live off the land. That, to many people, may sound completely Insane, but to Chris Mishandles It was completely reasonable. Chris Mishandles, a twenty-four year old left to Alaska to live In the wilderness for a couple of months, but what he didn't know was that he wasn't going to be able to make it out alive.John Krause the author of the book into the wild follows all of Chris Uncleanness's steps and his journey from the moment that he left home to his death. Christopher Mishandles had just graduated from Emory university when he decided to leave everything behind. He left his home, family, everything he owned, and only taking what he would be able to carry on his back. Chris had $24,000 in his savings and his father had planned for him to go to law school with that money, but instead Chris gave it all away to charity.Chrism's plans were to go to on a Journey to Alaska and eve In the wild for a couple of months, however Chris TLD tell any of his family members about his plans, and didn't keep In touch with any of them during any part of his Journey. This left Chrism's parents extremely worried about what had happened to their son. Chris left absolutely everything he had and went out in look for nature and peace. He wanted to get away from society, all the rules, and everyone that he felt had control over him.During his trip to Alaska Chris meets many different kinds of people that have and impact on his life as well as they do on him. Throughout this story Chris proves how he doesn't like authority, in fact, he hates it. Chris dislikes anyone who he feels has authority over him. One of the themes is freedom. Chris basically does everything he does to find the ultimate freedom. He wants to escape from all the rules. While talking to Jim, the guy that drov e Chris to Alaska, Chris exclaims, â€Å"How I feed myself is none of the government's business.Buck their stupid rules. † proving how much Chris hated authority and how he disliked the government, he felt as the government had authority over him. Another proof that Chris was looking to free himself from authority Is how Chris leaves his home because he felt as his father had authority over him. This leads to the conclusion that one of the themes for the book is ultimate freedom. Krause had never meet Chris in person he had never actually socialized with Chris, but realized that much of what motivated Chris is what motivated him as well.The speaker and the subject both had a connection with nature. Krause had been introduced to a mountain by his father and that's when e began to be interested in nature. Mishandles and Krause had both climbed the Devils Thumb, but their goals were different. Squeaker's goal was to complete the journey of being able to write the biography of Mi shandles. Krause had planned ahead to remain alive. The reason why Chris had gone to Devils Thumb was to feel free and get away from everything. Chris had not packed or planned ahead he In a way Just went and let faith decide for him.Chris and Krause had the same views but their own ways of Interpreting them. Krause makes many assumptions throughout the book. Everything Chris does is an assumption that Krause made Alaska. The way Chris is and how he acts are assumptions we make because of the way that Krause describes Chris. The way Chris is described as the ways that he views life are assumptions made by Krause. No one will ever really know how and why Chris did what he did, but what Krause assumes assumes is pretty close. The reason for writing the novel is because people are easy to Judge.The story of Mishandles got to people as soon as he died. People Judged Mishandles because they didn't see things from his perspective. They began to think that Mishandles was selfish for leavin g his family and insane for going into the wilderness without being prepared. The story provided reasoning to what Mishandles had done, to prove to people that Mishandles wasn't completely insane. Krause wanted people to remember Chris as someone that had an impact on people because of what he did, and not as someone that was Just completely insane. Into the Wild